Lub tshuab ntawm kev ua ntawm nplaim taws retardants yog cov nyom thiab tsis nkag siab zoo. Nws yog feem ntau ntseeg tias Halogen cov kev txiav txim siab dhau los thaum rhuab hluav taws, thiab decomposed halogen ions thiab polymer tebchaw los ua hydrogen halide. Cov tom kawg yog txuam nrog ntau ntawm cov nquag hydroxyl dawb radicals, ua rau nws txo qis ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm lub nplaim taws yog extinguished. Ntawm Halogens, bromine muaj cov nplaim hluav taws xob zoo dua li chlorine. Txoj haujlwm ntawm phosphorus-muaj cov nplaim hluav taws retardants yog thaum lawv hlawv metaphosphoric acid, uas dhau los ua ib qho kev tiv thaiv polymeric xeev, uas dhau los ua cov pa tiv thaiv zoo nkauj thiab cais cov pa.
Nplaim taws retardants exert lawv nplaim taws retardant cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam kev tawm tsam, npog, inhibitioning ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab roj av tsis sib xyaw. Feem ntau nplaim retardants yog nplaim retardant los ntawm kev sib koom tes ntawm ntau txheej txheem.
1. Endothermy
Yog tias ib feem ntawm kev ua kom sov los ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb tuaj yeem nqus tau lub sijhawm luv luv, cov nplaim hluav taws xob yuav raug txo kom tsawg, thiab cov nplaim hluav taws xob yuav raug txwv rau qee yam. Nyob rau hauv cov kev mob siab, cov nplaim taws retardant undergoes ib tug muaj zog endosotion, uas nqus tau ntau yam ntawm cov roj cua sov, thiab tiv thaiv kev sib kis ntawm kev sib kis. Cov nplaim taws retardant mechanism ntawm al (oh) 3 nplaim taws retardant yog kom nws tuaj yeem nqus cov nplaim hluav taws xob kom sov ua ntej ncav cov thermal decomposition kub. Hom nplaim retardant muab tag nrho ua si rau nws cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev nqus tau ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov cua sov thaum muaj peev xwm ua ke nrog lub peev xwm retardant.
2. Kev them nqi
Tom qab ntxiv nplaim retardant rau cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke, yog kev tiv thaiv cov roj cua sov, thiab kom ua tiav cov pa roj cua sov, yog li kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm nplaim taws retardant. Piv txwv li, organophosphorus nplaim hluav taws xob tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom muaj cov khoom siv sib txawv lossis roj teeb ruaj khov nrog ntau cov qauv ruaj khov thaum ua kom sov. Ntawm ib sab tes, kev tsim ntawm cov roj carbonation txheej tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov khoom thyromposition ntxiv, thiab nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv nws sab hauv theem kom koom nrog cov txheej txheem kev sib txuas.
3. Inhibit cov nyom
Raws li cov saw cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev xav ntawm kev sib txuas, dab tsi uas xav tau los txhawb nqa kev sib txuas yog dawb radicals. Nplaim taws retardants tuaj yeem ua raws li cov pa roj txheem sib txuas, yog li tiv thaiv cov nplaim hluav taws xob, thiab thaum kawg txo cov kev sib txuas ntawm kev nrawm nrawm kom txog thaum txiav tawm kom txog thaum txiav tawm. Piv txwv li, halogen-muaj nplaim taws retardants, kub yog tib yam lossis thaum cov nplaim hluav taws xob tau decomposed los ntawm tshav kub, cov nplaim taws retardant kuj tau txais tib lub sijhawm. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, lub halogen-muaj nplaim taws retomprosition khoom nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm roj sib tw nyob rau hauv kev sib tw dawb thiab cuam tshuam nrog txoj saw cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev sib txuas.
4. Cov tsis muaj phom sij
Thaum cov nplaim taws retardant yog rhuab, nws decomposes gas, thiab dilution ntawm cov roj sib txuas nrog cov khoom siv sib txuas hauv qab qhov kev sib txuas lus qis dua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws kuj tseem muaj cov nyhuv ntawm diluting cov oxygen conctration hauv thaj chaw sib txuas, tiv thaiv kev sib txuas ntxiv thiab ua tiav cov kab ntawm nplaim taws retardant.
